2009年5月7日星期四

心理暗示





物质激励道德激励社会激励外,又一种激励方式:心理暗示
There are three basic flavors of incentive: economic, social, and moral. Very often 
a single incentive scheme will include all  three varieties. Think about the anti-
smoking campaign of recent years. The addition of a $3-per-pack “sin tax” is a 
strong economic incentive against buying cigarettes. The banning of cigarettes in 
restaurants and bars is a powerful social incentive. And when the U.S. 
government asserts that terrorists raise money by selling black-market cigarettes, 
that acts as a rather jarring moral incentive.  
From Freakonomics
人类文明有很多难题。比如说城市卫生、治安、公共品的保护。这些事情因为信息不对称很难解决,比如说一个公共厕所不可能派一个人去守别人是否冲厕所,乱扔垃圾,偷东西,等等。
还有卖淫,倒卖火车票。倒卖火车票,我的提议是,使其合法,这样供给就会多了。但是,这就等于纳税人补助倒卖的人。卖淫,天天抓,不仅技术上难抓,制度上警察不是那么用力。
还有就是不正当竞争,偷技术,倒对方的乱。这些一般有法律来规范,但是还是不好。
或许心理暗示可以使一种尝试。但是当一个无耻的人就不起作用了。当一次一次这些咒语都不灵验,这种心理暗示可能也会失效,即使是对一个有廉耻的人。

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